Product Overview
PAMCHEM Medium Molecular Weight Nonionic Polyacrylamide (NPAM) is a synthetic water-soluble linear polymer with a non-ionic functional structure (degree of hydrolysis < 3.0%). Designed for industrial environments where high electrolyte concentrations, fluctuating pH, or multivalent ions cause ionic polymers to coil or precipitate, this grade relies on stable hydrogen-bonding adsorption. It provides controlled solution viscosity, preventing over-bridging while maintaining rapid particle-wetting characteristics in precision processing loops.
Medium Molecular Weight Grade Profile
|
Molecular Weight |
8 - 12 Million Daltons (intrinsic viscosity method). |
|
Ionic Character |
Nonionic (Zero charge density; zeta potential approaching 0 mV). |
|
Physical Form |
Free-flowing white granular powder. |
|
Bulk Density |
0.65 - 0.75 g/cm³. |
|
Dissolution Time |
≤ 60 minutes (25°C, 0.1% concentration). |
Flocculation & Dispersion Control
Nonionic polyacrylamide functions via multi-point hydrogen bonding and particle adsorption rather than electrostatic attraction.
Charge Neutrality: Polymer chains carry no electrical charge, maintaining performance during sudden fluctuations in total dissolved solids (TDS) or high salinity.
Shear Tolerance: Moderate chain length withstands mechanical turbulence in high-shear transfer lines and centrifugal dosing loops without excessive chain scission.
Technical Specifications
|
Parameter |
Specification Limit |
Test Method / Standard |
|
Appearance |
White granular powder |
Visual Inspection |
|
Solid Content |
≥ 88.0% |
Oven Drying (105°C, 2 hours) |
|
Degree of Hydrolysis |
< 3.0% |
Potentiometric Titration |
|
Solution Viscosity (0.1% at 25°C) |
400 - 700 mPa·s |
Brookfield LV Viscometer (Spindle 1, 60 rpm) |
|
Residual Acrylamide Monomer |
< 0.05% (500 ppm) |
HPLC |
Industrial Solid-Liquid Separation Applications
Acidic & High-Salinity Wastewater: Clarifying industrial effluents containing high concentrations of calcium, magnesium, or monovalent salts where charged polymers fail due to charge-shielding.
Hydrometallurgical Ore Slurries: Liquid-solid separation in acid leach circuits (gold, copper, zinc, and nickel extraction) requiring strict ionic stability.
Coal & Mineral Tailings: Centrifugal dewatering and settling of fine mineral suspensions, clay wash water, and silica slurries.
Paper Manufacturing: Serving as a non-ionic fiber dispersing agent and wet-end retention aid in neutral sizing paper machines.
Medium Vs. High Molecular Weight Nonionic PAM
|
Feature |
Medium Molecular Weight |
High Molecular Weight |
|
Target Molecular Weight |
8 - 12 Million Daltons |
15 - 18 Million Daltons |
|
0.1% Solution Viscosity |
400 - 700 mPa·s |
1500 - 3000+ mPa·s |
|
Shear Tolerance |
High (withstands pumping/turbulence) |
Moderate (demands gentle handling) |
|
Dissolution Speed |
Faster; lower gel-blocking risk |
Slower; requires extended aging time |
|
Primary Industrial Function |
Fine particle clarification, high-shear loops, dispersing |
Aggressive sludge bridging, belt filter pressing |
Grade Selection by Particle & Slurry Conditions
High Total Dissolved Solids (TDS > 15 g/L): Select medium molecular weight nonionic grades to bypass charge-shielding failure encountered by anionic polymers in saline process water.
Fine Suspended Solids (< 20 μm): Medium chain lengths provide adequate surface contact sites without trapping excess water into flocs.
Variable pH Loops (pH 3 - 9): Performance remains stable across acidic and neutral environments due to the absence of carboxylate groups.
Dissolution, Feed Preparation & Dosing
Makeup Water Quality: Use clean dilution water (15°C to 35°C) with hardness below 200 mg/L. Pre-filter iron-rich hard water.
Concentration Parameters: Maintain stock solutions between 0.1% and 0.5% weight/volume. Allow 45 to 60 minutes for complete hydration prior to secondary dilution at the injection point.
Agitation Equipment: Use a mechanical propeller stirrer running at 300 - 400 rpm in a polyethylene (PE) or 304 stainless steel tank. Avoid high-shear centrifugal pumps during makeup.
Production & Quality Consistency
Polymerization Method: Aqueous solution polymerization using high-purity acrylamide monomer with thermal initiation control.
Drying & Classification: Continuous fluidized-bed drying coupled with multi-stage air classification for a uniform particle size distribution (20 - 80 mesh).
Lot Verification: Every production run undergoes laboratory testing for intrinsic viscosity, residual monomer content, moisture, and dissolution rate. Retained samples are archived for 24 months.
Packaging & International Supply
Standard Packaging: 25 kg multi-layer kraft paper bags with inner polyethylene liners; 750 kg to 1000 kg FIBC bulk bags secured on export wooden pallets.
Marine Protection: Stretch-wrapped and heat-sealed with protective polyethylene hood film against moisture ingress.
Storage Environment: Store in dry warehouses (5°C - 30°C, relative humidity < 70%). Keep containers sealed to avoid caking.
Compliance Documentation: Manufactured in alignment with REACH pre-registration norms; supplied with batch-specific Certificates of Analysis (CoA) and GHS-compliant Safety Data Sheets (SDS).
FAQ
Q: Why select nonionic polyacrylamide over anionic alternatives in high-salinity water?
A: Nonionic polyacrylamide carries a zeta potential approaching 0 mV, meaning its chains lack charged groups subject to charge-shielding. In process streams rich in Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺ ions, anionic polymers coil or precipitate, whereas nonionic grades maintain stable hydrogen-bonding adsorption onto suspended solids.
Q: How does medium molecular weight impact line pressure and metering pump performance?
A: Medium molecular weight grades produce lower solution viscosities (400 - 700 mPa·s at 0.1%) than ultra-high molecular weight variants. This minimizes friction loss in transfer pipework, prevents cavitation in diaphragm or progressive cavity pumps, and ensures stable active-polymer feed rates without pressure spikes.
Q: What causes undissolved gel particles ("fisheyes"), and how can they be prevented?
A: Fisheyes occur when dry powder is dumped too quickly or introduced into stagnant water, causing the particle exterior to hydrate instantly into a gel barrier trapping dry powder inside. Prevent this by feeding powder slowly through an automated induction funnel into the vortex of an agitated tank, keeping water temperature below 40°C.
Q: What is the verified shelf life under proper storage conditions?
A: When kept in unopened original packaging within a dry warehouse (< 30°C, relative humidity < 70%), the product maintains stable viscosity and performance for 24 months. Ambient moisture exposure induces caking and partial cross-linking, lowering active dissolution capacity.
Q: Does residual acrylamide monomer meet standard industrial discharge criteria?
A: Our standard grade contains less than 0.05% (500 ppm) residual acrylamide monomer. For operations subject to strict environmental discharge limits or potable water contact regulations, verification of local compliance standards is recommended.
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