Activated carbon can be produced from various high-carbon materials, such as coal, coconut shells, and wood. The choice of raw material plays a crucial role in determining the characteristics and performance of the activated carbon.
Most common types of activated carbon
While different manufacturers produce various types of activated carbon, the most common types include:
Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) - GAC consists of larger particles, though it has a smaller external surface area compared to other types. Because GAC particles disperse quickly and effectively adsorb vapors and gases, they are frequently used in water treatment.
Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) - PAC particles are made from ground or pulverized carbon. Typically, PAC is added directly into process units such as rapid-mix basins, raw water intakes, and clarifiers. These particles are also ideal for use in carbon block filters.
Extruded Activated Carbon (EAC) - EAC is produced by mixing pulverized anthracite or charcoal with a suitable binder and then extruding the mixture under high pressure into cylindrical or spherical shapes. Characterized by low pressure drop, low dust content, and high mechanical strength, EAC is primarily used in gas-phase applications. It is commonly used in CTO (Chlorine, Taste, and Odor) filters.
Impregnated Activated Carbon - These porous carbon particles are impregnated with various inorganic compounds, such as silver or iodine. Impregnated activated carbon is often used as an adsorbent in water purification because it can inhibit microbial growth.
Bead Activated Carbon (BAC) - Petroleum pitch is used in the production of BAC. Like EAC, BAC features low dust content and high mechanical strength. Its spherical shape makes it ideal for applications such as water treatment.
Activated Carbon Fabric - Activated carbon can be woven with rayon to create activated carbon cloth. Its carbon filtration properties make it suitable for a wide range of applications, including odor absorption and protective uses.
